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/* Einar Nævdal — an editorial engineering portfolio.
   No font downloads or third-party UI dependencies. All visual assets are local. */
:root {
  color-scheme: dark;
  --bg: #0c1118;
  --bg-alt: #101822;
  --bg-deep: #070c12;
  --panel: #151e29;
  --text: #edf2f8;
  --muted: #acb8c7;
  --quiet: #8e9dad;
  --line: #2a3644;
  --accent: #8dbdf3;
  --accent-strong: #508ed0;
  --accent-wash: #1a2d43;
  --image-bg: #e5ebf5;
  --container: 1240px;
  --font: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Arial, sans-serif;
  --mono: "SFMono-Regular", Consolas, "Liberation Mono", monospace;
  --header-height: 76px;
}

[data-theme="light"] {
  color-scheme: light;
  --bg: #fafbfc; --bg-alt: #f0f3f7; --bg-deep: #e8eef5;
  --panel: #fff; --text: #142437; --muted: #485a6d; --quiet: #52677c;
  --line: #cdd6e0; --accent: #245d99; --accent-strong: #245d99; --accent-wash: #e3edf7;
}
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; scroll-padding-top: calc(var(--header-height) + 20px); }
body { margin: 0; background: var(--bg); color: var(--text); font-family: var(--font); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.7; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }
body.modal-open { overflow: hidden; }
::selection { background: #325b88; color: #fff; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 5px; }
a, button, summary { -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; }
button, input { font: inherit; }
button { cursor: pointer; }
a:focus-visible, button:focus-visible, summary:focus-visible, video:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 5px; border-radius: 2px; }
img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }
figure { margin: 0; }
h1, h2, h3, p { margin-top: 0; }
h1, h2, h3 { line-height: 1.17; font-weight: 580; letter-spacing: -0.035em; }
p { margin-bottom: 1.2em; }
h2 { font-size: clamp(32px, 3.5vw, 47px); margin-bottom: 24px; }
h3 { font-size: 27px; margin-bottom: 20px; }
.container { width: min(var(--container), calc(100% - 112px)); margin-inline: auto; }
.section { padding: 102px 0; }
.sr-only { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0,0,0,0); white-space: nowrap; border: 0; }
[hidden] { display: none !important; }
.skip-link { position: fixed; left: 20px; top: -100px; z-index: 200; padding: 12px 20px; background: var(--text); color: var(--bg); }
.skip-link:focus { top: 16px; }
.small-label, .section-label, .hero-eyebrow { font-size: 11px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .16em; line-height: 1.6; text-transform: uppercase; }
.small-label { color: var(--accent); margin-bottom: 15px; }
.section-label { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 17px; color: var(--accent); margin-bottom: 36px; }
.section-number { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px; font: 11px var(--mono); }
.section-number::after { content: ""; display: block; width: 32px; height: 1px; background: var(--accent-strong); }
.section-heading-row { display: flex; align-items: baseline; justify-content: space-between; gap: 32px; margin-bottom: 38px; }
.section-heading-row h2 { margin: 0; }
.section-heading-row > p { margin: 0; color: var(--quiet); font-size: 14px; }
.heading-dot { color: var(--accent); }
/* One restrained, always available navigation bar. */
.site-header { position: fixed; inset: 0 0 auto; z-index: 50; height: var(--header-height); border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(151,174,199,.12); background: linear-gradient(#080d1466, #080d140a); color: #eef4fc; transition: background .25s, border-color .25s; }
.site-header.is-scrolled { background: #0c1118f5; border-color: #2a3644; }
.header-inner { width: min(var(--container), calc(100% - 112px)); margin: 0 auto; height: 100%; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 32px; }
.wordmark { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 16px; text-decoration: none; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -.02em; white-space: nowrap; }
.site-header nav { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 32px; }
.site-header nav a { position: relative; color: #b7c3d2; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none; padding: 25px 0; transition: color .2s; }
.site-header nav a:hover, .site-header nav a[aria-current="location"] { color: #fff; }
.site-header nav a::after { content: ""; position: absolute; bottom: 16px; left: 0; right: 0; height: 1px; background: #8dbdf3; transform: scaleX(0); transform-origin: left; transition: transform .2s; }
.site-header nav a:hover::after, .site-header nav a[aria-current="location"]::after { transform: scaleX(1); }
/* Hero: fixed camera, no canvas, no scroll hijacking. */
.hero { position: relative; isolation: isolate; height: min(900px, 92svh); min-height: 660px; overflow: hidden; background: #020406; color: #f2f7ff; }
.hero-media, .hero-shade { position: absolute; inset: 0; }
.hero-media { z-index: -2; }
.hero-poster, .hero-video { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; object-position: center 50%; }
.hero-video { position: absolute; inset: 0; }
.hero-video:not(.has-frame) { opacity: 0; }
.hero-shade { --poster-dimmer: .24; background: linear-gradient(180deg, #0204061f 0%, #02040600 38%, #0204060a 63%, #070c12db 100%), linear-gradient(90deg, #01030800 25%, #01030800 48%, #0103083d 100%), rgba(0,0,0,var(--poster-dimmer)); }
.hero-inner { height: 100%; display: flex; justify-content: flex-end; align-items: center; padding-top: 36px; }
.hero-title { width: 49%; padding-left: 12px; position: relative; transition: opacity 1.4s ease, filter 1.4s ease; }
.hero-title h1 { font-size: clamp(51px, 5.15vw, 78px); line-height: 1.08; letter-spacing: -.052em; margin: 0 0 24px; font-weight: 600; white-space: nowrap; text-shadow: 0 2px 34px #1017236b; }
.hero-eyebrow { font-size: 10px; color: #adc3dc; letter-spacing: .19em; margin-bottom: 20px; }
.hero-role { font-size: clamp(15px, 1.55vw, 20px); font-weight: 400; color: #d7e4f3; letter-spacing: .06em; margin: 0; }
.hero-line { margin-top: 30px; height: 1px; width: 58px; background: #a0caff; box-shadow: 0 0 18px #76b2ed52; }
.hero.is-introducing .hero-title { opacity: .07; filter: brightness(.6); }
.hero.has-timed-video .hero-title { opacity: var(--name-opacity,1); filter: brightness(var(--name-brightness,1)); transition: none; }
/* About / identity */
.about-section { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.about-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 80px; }
.about-grid h2 { max-width: 570px; font-size: 42px; }
.about-copy { padding-top: 2px; color: var(--muted); }
.about-copy p:first-child { color: var(--text); font-size: 18px; }
.about-copy p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.about-facts, .research-specs { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr; gap: 32px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding-top: 24px; margin: 43px 0 0; }
.about-facts dt, .research-specs dt { font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .14em; color: var(--quiet); margin-bottom: 8px; }
.about-facts dd, .research-specs dd { margin: 0; font-size: 14px; color: var(--text); }
/* Research is the centrepiece, with a publication-quality text / figure hierarchy. */
.research-section { background: var(--bg-alt); }
.publication { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.06fr .94fr; gap: 58px; align-items: center; }
.publication-copy > p { color: var(--muted); font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; }
.publication-copy .publication-venue { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; align-items: center; font-size: 13px; color: var(--accent); margin-bottom: 18px; }
.status { display: inline-flex; border-left: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--quiet); padding-left: 12px; font-size: 11px; }
.publication h3 { font-size: 29px; line-height: 1.22; letter-spacing: -.032em; margin-bottom: 14px; max-width: 620px; }
.publication-copy .authors { font-size: 12px; color: var(--quiet); margin-bottom: 26px; }
.publication-copy .research-lede { color: var(--text); font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 18px; }
.research-figure { align-self: center; min-width: 0; }
.research-figure > a { display: block; position: relative; overflow: hidden; background: #040c12; border: 1px solid #1f2d3b; }
.research-figure img { width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 1.2; object-fit: contain; }
.research-figure figcaption { padding-top: 14px; font-size: 11px; color: var(--quiet); letter-spacing: .01em; }
.publication-links { display: flex; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 20px; margin-top: 28px; padding-top: 20px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.text-link { font-size: 13px; color: var(--accent); text-decoration: none; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; padding: 4px 0; }
.text-link:hover { color: var(--text); border-bottom-color: var(--accent); }
.link-pending { color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; }
.pending-mark { font-size: 9px; color: var(--quiet); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .08em; }
.research-specs { margin-top: 39px; grid-template-columns: .8fr .9fr 1.3fr; }
.films-heading { display: flex; align-items: baseline; justify-content: space-between; gap: 25px; margin-top: 68px; margin-bottom: 23px; }
.films-heading h3 { font-size: 24px; margin: 0; }
.films-heading > span { font-size: 11px; color: var(--quiet); }
.films-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 28px; }
.film-visual { position: relative; aspect-ratio: 16/9; background: #03070c; border: 1px solid var(--line); overflow: hidden; }
.film-visual video { display: block; width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: contain; background: #03070c; }
/* Movie 2 has a white scientific canvas; match its contain letterbox. */
#movie-2 .film-visual,
#movie-2 .film-visual video { background: #fff; }
.film-number { position: absolute; top: 15px; left: 17px; color: #b2c8e0; font-size: 9px; letter-spacing: .14em; pointer-events: none; background: #080f18b8; padding: 2px 7px; }
.film figcaption { padding-top: 18px; }
.film figcaption > div { display: flex; align-items: baseline; justify-content: space-between; gap: 15px; }
.film h3 { font-size: 18px; margin: 0 0 10px; letter-spacing: -.02em; }
.film figcaption p { color: var(--muted); font-size: 13px; max-width: 480px; margin: 0; }
.film-open { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: none; font-size: 11px; white-space: nowrap; }
.film-open:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.film-placeholder { position: absolute; inset: 0; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; flex-direction: column; background: #0b1420; }
.film-placeholder p { color: #c5d4e4; font-size: 16px; margin: 19px 0 3px; letter-spacing: -.015em; }
.film-placeholder > span:last-child { color: #8ea1b6; font-size: 11px; }
.film-frame-icon { width: 50px; height: 34px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: 4px; border: 1px solid #587ba3; border-radius: 2px; }
.film-frame-icon i { width: 4px; background: #769ac3; height: 9px; }
.film-frame-icon i:nth-child(2) { height: 16px; }
.media-error { position: absolute; left: 24px; right: 24px; top: 30%; background: #0b1420ec; color: #dce7f4; padding: 18px; font-size: 13px; }
/* ESA: supplied lock-up, on the existing dark institutional background. */
.esa-section { background: var(--bg-deep); border-top: 1px solid var(--line); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.esa-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: .85fr 1.15fr; gap: 90px; }
.esa-wordmark { font-size: 42px; letter-spacing: -.045em; font-weight: 550; line-height: 1.09; margin-bottom: 22px; }
.esa-dot { color: var(--accent); }
.esa-role { color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 5px; }
.esa-location { color: var(--quiet); font-size: 12px; margin: 0; }
.esa-copy h2 { font-size: 36px; line-height: 1.24; margin-bottom: 22px; }
.esa-copy > p { color: var(--muted); font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0; }
.esa-areas { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); margin-top: 60px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.esa-areas > div { padding: 25px 28px 0 0; }
.esa-areas > div + div { padding-left: 30px; border-left: 1px solid var(--line); }
.area-number { color: var(--accent); font: 11px var(--mono); }
.esa-areas h3 { font-size: 17px; margin: 12px 0 10px; }
.esa-areas p { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); max-width: 295px; margin-bottom: 0; }
.release-note { color: var(--quiet); font-size: 11px; margin-top: 35px; margin-bottom: 0; }
/* Evidence-first project imagery. Scientific figures are NEVER cover-cropped. */
.project-intro { display: grid; grid-template-columns: .95fr 1.05fr; gap: 80px; margin-bottom: 42px; }
.project-intro h2 { margin-bottom: 13px; font-size: 42px; }
.project-subtitle { color: var(--muted); font-size: 18px; }
.project-intro > div > p:not(.project-subtitle) { font-size: 15px; color: var(--muted); }
.tags { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 20px 0 0; gap: 6px 0; color: var(--accent); font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.6; }
.tags li { padding-right: 13px; margin-right: 13px; border-right: 1px solid var(--line); }
.tags li:last-child { border: 0; padding-right: 0; margin-right: 0; }
.figure-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 34px 28px; }
.figure-link { position: relative; display: block; background: var(--image-bg); aspect-ratio: 16/10; border: 1px solid var(--line); overflow: hidden; }
.figure-link img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: contain; transition: filter .25s; }
.photo-figure .figure-link img { object-fit: cover; }
.figure-link:hover img { filter: brightness(1.045); }
.enlarge-mark { position: absolute; right: 10px; bottom: 10px; display: grid; place-items: center; height: 27px; width: 27px; color: #e7f1ff; background: #0c1627c9; font-size: 15px; border: 1px solid #7188a569; opacity: 0; transform: translateY(3px); transition: opacity .2s, transform .2s; }
.figure-link:hover .enlarge-mark, .figure-link:focus-visible .enlarge-mark, .research-figure a:hover .enlarge-mark, .research-figure a:focus-visible .enlarge-mark { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
.project-figure figcaption { padding-top: 16px; font-size: 12px; color: var(--quiet); line-height: 1.6; }
.project-figure figcaption strong { display: block; color: var(--text); font-size: 15px; font-weight: 500; margin-bottom: 5px; }
.project-figure figcaption > span { display: block; }
.detail-block { margin-top: 35px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.detail-block summary { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 25px; cursor: pointer; padding: 20px 0; font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); list-style: none; }
.detail-block summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.detail-block summary:hover { color: var(--text); }
.detail-icon { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 300; font-size: 23px; line-height: 1; transition: transform .2s; }
.detail-block[open] .detail-icon { transform: rotate(45deg); }
.detail-content { padding: 2px 0 25px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 14px; }
.detail-content > p { max-width: 870px; }
.detail-intro { max-width: 770px; margin-bottom: 26px; }
.detail-content .figure-grid { margin-top: 25px; }
.detail-content > p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
/* Other work: three spacious editorial entries, not a wall of small cards. */
.hardware-section { background: var(--bg-alt); border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.hardware-section .section-heading-row { margin-bottom: 62px; }
.hardware-project + .hardware-project { margin-top: 68px; padding-top: 66px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.hardware-intro { display: grid; grid-template-columns: .9fr 1.1fr; gap: 70px; margin-bottom: 34px; }
.hardware-intro h3 { font-size: 29px; max-width: 440px; line-height: 1.23; }
.hardware-intro > div > p:not(.small-label) { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; color: var(--muted); }
.antenna-gallery { display: grid; grid-template-columns: .9fr 1.1fr; gap: 28px; align-items: start; }
.antenna-main .figure-link { aspect-ratio: 795/711; }
.antenna-side .figure-link { aspect-ratio: 1317/796; }
.antenna-side { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 25px; }
.antenna-placeholder { border: 1px dashed #43566e; background: var(--bg); display: flex; gap: 21px; align-items: center; min-height: 100px; padding: 22px 25px; }
.antenna-placeholder .small-label { color: var(--quiet); font-size: 9px; }
.antenna-placeholder p { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); margin: 4px 0 0; }
.placeholder-outline { display: grid; place-items: center; width: 43px; height: 35px; border: 1px solid #506781; flex-shrink: 0; }
.placeholder-outline > span { width: 20px; height: 12px; border-bottom: 1px solid #7d98b8; border-left: 1px solid #7d98b8; transform: skewY(-30deg); }
.three-up { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 24px; }
.portrait .figure-link { aspect-ratio: 4/5; }
.portrait .figure-link img { object-position: center 45%; }
.workshop-photo .figure-link { aspect-ratio: 5/4; }
.workshop-photo .figure-link img { object-position: center 44%; }
/* Contact and footer */
.contact-section { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 82px 0 84px; }
.contact-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 80px; align-items: center; }
.contact-section .section-label { margin-bottom: 27px; }
.contact-section h2 { font-size: 40px; margin-bottom: 15px; }
.contact-section p { color: var(--muted); font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 0; }
.contact-details { padding-top: 29px; }
.email-link { font-size: 23px; letter-spacing: -.035em; color: var(--text); text-decoration: none; display: inline-flex; gap: 20px; align-items: baseline; padding: 6px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--accent-strong); }
.email-link:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.contact-details > p { margin-top: 18px; font-size: 12px; color: var(--quiet); }
.profile-links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 22px; margin-top: 15px; }
.site-footer { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--bg-deep); }
.footer-inner { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 25px; align-items: center; padding-top: 25px; padding-bottom: 25px; }
.footer-inner p, .footer-inner a { color: var(--quiet); margin: 0; font-size: 10px; text-decoration: none; }
.footer-inner a { padding: 10px 0; }
.footer-inner a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
/* Native dialog: keyboard focus, Escape and the original image all work. */
.lightbox { margin: auto; padding: 0; width: min(1480px,94vw); max-width: 94vw; max-height: 94svh; height: 94svh; background: #080e15; color: #edf2f8; border: 1px solid #3a4b60; overflow: hidden; }
.lightbox:not([open]) { display: none; }
.lightbox[open] { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.lightbox::backdrop { background: #02060be6; backdrop-filter: blur(5px); }
.lightbox-bar { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; flex-shrink: 0; gap: 24px; padding: 13px 22px; border-bottom: 1px solid #2a3644; font-size: 13px; }
.lightbox-actions { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 24px; }
.lightbox-actions a { font-size: 12px; color: #9fc9fa; text-decoration: none; }
.icon-button { background: none; color: #d9e8fa; border: 1px solid #3a4b60; width: 38px; height: 38px; display: grid; place-items: center; line-height: 1; }
.icon-button:hover { background: #1a2d43; }
.lightbox-stage { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; flex: 1; min-height: 0; padding: 24px; }
.lightbox-stage img { height: 100%; width: 100%; object-fit: contain; }
.lightbox-caption { flex-shrink: 0; font-size: 12px; color: #adbfD2; text-align: center; padding: 10px 22px 20px; margin: 0; }
.not-found { padding-top: 18vh; padding-bottom: 15vh; }
.not-found h1 { font-size: clamp(42px,6vw,75px); margin: 20px 0 30px; }
.not-found p:not(.small-label) { color: var(--muted); }
/* Desktop-first, but every section remains usable on a smaller screen. */
@media (min-width: 1700px) {
  :root { --container: 1360px; }
  .hero-title h1 { font-size: 83px; }
}
@media (max-width: 1150px) {
  .container, .header-inner { width: calc(100% - 72px); }
  .section { padding: 78px 0; }
  .about-grid, .project-intro, .hardware-intro { gap: 44px; }
  .publication { gap: 35px; }
  .publication h3 { font-size: 26px; }
  .publication-copy > p { font-size: 14px; }
  .hero-title { width: 52%; }
  .hero-title h1 { font-size: 57px; }
  .hero-eyebrow { font-size: 9px; }
  .about-grid h2, .project-intro h2 { font-size: 36px; }
  .esa-grid { gap: 50px; }
  .esa-copy h2 { font-size: 30px; }
  .esa-wordmark { font-size: 37px; }
  .email-link { font-size: 20px; gap: 14px; }
}
@media (max-width: 850px) {
  .hero { height: 730px; min-height: 620px; }
  .hero-title { width: 58%; }
  .hero-title h1 { font-size: 49px; }
  .hero-eyebrow { letter-spacing: .12em; font-size: 8px; }
  .hero-poster, .hero-video { object-position: 44% center; }
  .about-grid, .publication, .project-intro, .hardware-intro, .esa-grid, .contact-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 26px; }
  .about-grid h2, .project-intro h2 { margin-bottom: 0; }
  .about-grid h2 br { display: none; }
  .about-copy { max-width: 650px; }
  .research-figure { max-width: 640px; width: 100%; }
  .publication-copy { max-width: 690px; }
  .publication h3 { font-size: 30px; }
  .publication-copy > p { font-size: 15px; }
  .publication { gap: 35px; }
  .section-heading-row { flex-direction: column; gap: 14px; }
  .esa-grid { gap: 35px; }
  .esa-wordmark br { display: block; }
  .esa-wordmark { font-size: 34px; }
  .esa-wordmark br::after { content: " "; }
  .esa-role { margin-top: 13px; }
  .contact-details { padding-top: 0; }
  .hardware-intro h3 { max-width: 650px; margin-bottom: 0; }
  .three-up { gap: 15px; }
  .about-facts, .research-specs { gap: 20px; }
  .about-facts dd, .research-specs dd { font-size: 12px; }
  .project-intro > div:last-child p { margin-bottom: 15px; }
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  :root { --header-height: 67px; }
  .container, .header-inner { width: calc(100% - 40px); }
  .section { padding: 58px 0; }
  .site-header nav { gap: 14px; }
  .site-header nav a { font-size: 10px; padding-block: 22px; }
  .header-inner { gap: 18px; }
  .hero { height: 640px; height: 83svh; min-height: 560px; max-height: 760px; }
  .hero-poster, .hero-video { object-position: 34% center; }
  .hero-shade { background: linear-gradient(90deg,#03080c38,#03080c33 50%,#03080c59),linear-gradient(0deg,#070c12f5,#070c1200 50%),rgba(0,0,0,var(--poster-dimmer)); }
  .hero-inner { align-items: center; padding-top: 70px; }
  .hero-title { width: 88%; padding-left: 0; }
  .hero-title h1 { white-space: normal; font-size: clamp(41px,11.5vw,64px); letter-spacing: -.05em; margin-bottom: 19px; }
  .hero-role { font-size: 13px; letter-spacing: .035em; }
  .hero-eyebrow { font-size: 8px; letter-spacing: .12em; margin-bottom: 17px; }
  .hero-line { margin-top: 23px; }
  .section-label { margin-bottom: 27px; font-size: 9px; gap: 13px; }
  .section-number { font-size: 10px; }
  .section-number::after { width: 24px; }
  h2, .about-grid h2, .project-intro h2, .contact-section h2 { font-size: 32px; }
  .about-copy p:first-child { font-size: 17px; }
  .about-copy { font-size: 15px; }
  .about-facts, .research-specs { grid-template-columns: 1fr; margin-top: 29px; gap: 17px; }
  .about-facts > div, .research-specs > div { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 90px 1fr; align-items: baseline; gap: 10px; }
  .about-facts dt, .research-specs dt { font-size: 9px; margin-bottom: 0; }
  .about-facts dd, .research-specs dd { font-size: 12px; }
  .section-heading-row { margin-bottom: 29px; }
  .section-heading-row > p { font-size: 12px; }
  .publication h3 { font-size: 27px; }
  .publication-copy .publication-venue { align-items: flex-start; flex-direction: column; gap: 5px; }
  .status { padding-left: 0; border: 0; }
  .publication-copy .research-lede { font-size: 17px; }
  .publication-links { gap: 18px; }
  .films-heading { margin-top: 45px; align-items: flex-start; flex-direction: column; gap: 8px; }
  .films-heading h3 { font-size: 22px; }
  .films-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 30px; }
  .film-placeholder p { font-size: 14px; }
  .film-placeholder > span:last-child { font-size: 10px; }
  .esa-wordmark { font-size: 32px; }
  .esa-copy h2 { font-size: 29px; }
  .esa-copy h2 br { display: none; }
  .esa-areas { grid-template-columns: 1fr; margin-top: 32px; }
  .esa-areas > div, .esa-areas > div + div { padding: 23px 0; border: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .esa-areas h3 { display: inline; margin-left: 12px; }
  .esa-areas p { margin: 10px 0 0 32px; max-width: none; }
  .release-note { line-height: 1.7; }
  .project-subtitle { font-size: 17px; margin-top: 13px; margin-bottom: 0; }
  .project-intro { margin-bottom: 29px; }
  .figure-grid, .three-up, .antenna-gallery { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 27px; }
  .portrait .figure-link { aspect-ratio: 1/1; }
  .portrait .figure-link img { object-position: center 43%; }
  .project-figure figcaption { padding-top: 13px; }
  .project-figure figcaption strong { font-size: 14px; }
  .project-figure figcaption > span { font-size: 11px; }
  .hardware-section .section-heading-row { margin-bottom: 42px; }
  .hardware-project + .hardware-project { margin-top: 45px; padding-top: 45px; }
  .hardware-intro { gap: 19px; margin-bottom: 26px; }
  .hardware-intro h3 { font-size: 27px; }
  .small-label { font-size: 9px; letter-spacing: .12em; }
  .tags { font-size: 10px; }
  .tags li { padding-right: 10px; margin-right: 10px; }
  .detail-block summary { font-size: 12px; }
  .contact-grid { gap: 27px; }
  .email-link { font-size: clamp(18px,5.4vw,25px); gap: 10px; }
  .footer-inner { flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 4px 24px; }
  .footer-inner p:nth-child(2) { order: 3; flex-basis: 100%; }
  .lightbox { width: 96vw; max-width: 96vw; }
  .lightbox-bar { gap: 12px; padding: 10px 12px; font-size: 11px; }
  .lightbox-actions { gap: 10px; }
  .lightbox-actions a { font-size: 10px; }
  .lightbox-stage { padding: 8px; }
  .lightbox-caption { font-size: 11px; padding: 10px 12px; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after { animation-duration: .001ms !important; transition-duration: .001ms !important; animation-iteration-count: 1 !important; }
  .hero.is-introducing .hero-title, .hero.has-timed-video .hero-title { opacity: 1; filter: none; }
  .hero-video { display: none; }
}
@media (hover: none) { .enlarge-mark { opacity: .8; transform: none; } }
@media print {
  :root { --bg: #fff; --bg-alt:#fff; --bg-deep:#fff; --text:#111; --muted:#333; --quiet:#444; --accent:#23568a; --line:#ccc; }
  .site-header, .hero, .lightbox, .skip-link, .film-visual, .enlarge-mark { display:none !important; }
  .container { width: 100%; }
  .section { padding: 25px 0; }
  .about-grid, .publication, .project-intro, .hardware-intro, .esa-grid { gap: 25px; }
  h2 { font-size: 25px !important; }
  h3 { font-size: 20px !important; }
  p { font-size: 11px !important; }
  .project-figure, .hardware-intro { break-inside:avoid; }
  .figure-link { max-height:220px; }
  .hero-title { opacity:1; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { .hero.motion-allowed .hero-video { display: block; } }

/* v1.1: preserve the approved hero; the original still is always decoded below
   the video. Switching to it never stretches the image or changes the crop. */
.hero.is-awaiting-media .hero-poster { opacity: 0; }
.hero.is-finished .hero-video { opacity: 0; visibility: hidden; }
.hero.is-finished .hero-poster { opacity: 1; }
.hero-video { background: #020406; }

/* Findings are typeset, not dashboard counters. */
.research-findings { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 38px; margin: 42px 0 26px; }
.finding { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding-top: 23px; }
.finding-index { color: var(--accent); font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: .16em; }
.finding h3 { font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.35; font-weight: 550; letter-spacing: -.02em; margin: 13px 0; }
.finding p { color: var(--muted); font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0; }
.research-scope { max-width: 970px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.8; }
.research-details { margin-top: 25px; }
.research-details .detail-content { max-width: 970px; }
.wall-sequence { padding: 17px 0 2px; }
.wall-sequence p { font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: .01em; }
.wall-sequence .sequence-values > span { color: var(--accent); padding: 0 2px; }
/* Keep short inline equations together without changing surrounding line spacing. */
.katex { white-space: nowrap; }
.film-details { margin-top: 20px; }
.film-details summary { padding: 16px 0; font-size: 13px; }
.film-details .detail-content p { font-size: 13px; }
@media (max-width: 800px) {
  .research-findings { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 25px; }
  .finding h3 { font-size: 19px; }
}

/* Scientific symbols retain their case even inside the small-label style. */
.wall-sequence .small-label { text-transform: none; letter-spacing: .1em; }

/* v1.2 focused polish. The approved palette, hero/title composition and section
   backgrounds are deliberately unchanged. */
.section-number, .finding-index, .area-number { display: none; }
.section-label { gap: 0; }
.esa-logo { width: min(280px, 100%); height: auto; margin: 0 0 26px; }
.esa-areas h3 { margin-top: 0; }
.finding h3 { margin-top: 0; }
.film { display: flex; flex-direction: column; min-width: 0; }
.film-visual { flex: 0 0 auto; }
.film figcaption { display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex: 1; min-width: 0; }
.film figcaption > .film-caption-heading { flex: 0 0 auto; }
.film figcaption > p { margin-bottom: 20px; }
.film-details { margin-top: auto; }
.film-details .detail-content > p + p { margin-top: 12px; }
.wall-sequence { padding: 0 0 18px; }
.wall-sequence .sequence-label { color: var(--accent); margin-bottom: 7px; }
.wall-sequence .sequence-values { line-height: 2; }
/* Common height per row, native ratios, and original pixels. Captions align
   within a row without pale filler bars or scientific-legend cropping. */
.scientific-rows { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 34px; }
.figure-pair { display: flex; gap: 28px; align-items: flex-start; }
.figure-pair-item { flex: var(--figure-ratio) 1 0; min-width: 0; }
.native-figure .figure-link { aspect-ratio: var(--figure-ratio); background: var(--bg); border: 0; }
.native-figure .figure-link img { object-fit: contain; }
/* The replacement movie is compositionally identical to frame 3. Both layers
   therefore use the same cover camera; there is no video-only registration. */
.hero { --hero-position-x: 50%; --hero-position-y: 50%; }
.hero-poster { object-position: var(--hero-position-x) var(--hero-position-y); }
.hero-motion-layer { position: absolute; inset: 0; overflow: hidden; background: #020406; opacity: var(--hero-movie-opacity,0); }
.hero-video-frame { position: absolute; inset: 0; }
.hero-motion-layer .hero-video { position: absolute; inset: 0; display: block; width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; object-position: var(--hero-position-x) var(--hero-position-y); transform: none; transform-origin: center center; background: #020406; }
.hero.is-finished .hero-motion-layer { opacity: 0; visibility: hidden; }
.hero.is-finished .hero-poster { opacity: 1; }
@media (max-width: 850px) { .hero { --hero-position-x: 44%; } }
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .hero { --hero-position-x: 34%; }
  .esa-logo { width: min(238px,100%); }
  .esa-areas h3 { display: block; margin-left: 0; }
  .esa-areas p { margin: 10px 0 0; }
  .figure-pair { flex-direction: column; gap: 27px; }
  .figure-pair-item { width: 100%; flex: none; }
  .film-details { margin-top: 0; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { .hero-motion-layer { display: none !important; } }
/* Shared caption rows align the summaries even when only one film is expanded.
   The earlier flex layout remains the fallback for browsers without subgrid. */
@supports (grid-template-rows: subgrid) {
  @media (min-width: 601px) {
    .films-grid { grid-template-rows: auto auto auto auto; row-gap: 0; }
    .film { display: grid; grid-row: span 4; grid-template-rows: subgrid; }
    .film figcaption { display: grid; grid-row: span 3; grid-template-rows: subgrid; padding-top: 0; }
    .film-caption-heading { padding-top: 18px; }
    .film figcaption > p { padding-bottom: 20px; margin-bottom: 0; }
    .film-details { margin-top: 0; align-self: start; }
  }
}

/* BEGIN EINAR HEADER IDENTITY — install ONE option only.
   Scope: the home-link contents. No header/nav/hero/SEO changes.
   The inline SVG is the existing favicon, not a new logo. */
.site-header a.en-brand {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  gap: 12px;
  min-height: 44px;
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 2px;
  background: transparent;
  box-shadow: none;
  position: relative;
  color: var(--text, #edf2f8);
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.1;
  letter-spacing: -.02em;
  text-decoration: none;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
/* Suppress old anchor-generated dashes; remove old dash nodes from the HTML. */
.site-header a.en-brand::before,
.site-header a.en-brand::after {
  content: none;
  display: none;
}
.site-header .en-brand__mark {
  display: block;
  flex: 0 0 28px;
  width: 28px;
  height: 28px;
  max-width: none;
}
.site-header .en-brand__name {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: .27em;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.site-header .en-brand__first,
.site-header .en-brand__last {
  display: inline;
}
.site-header a.en-brand:hover { color: #fff; }
.site-header a.en-brand:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--accent, #8dbdf3);
  outline-offset: 5px;
}

/* 18px x 1 CSS px: the same blue token as the section overlines. */
.site-header .en-brand__separator {
  display: block;
  flex: 0 0 18px;
  width: 18px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--accent, #8dbdf3);
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .site-header .en-brand__separator { width: 12px; flex-basis: 12px; }
}

/* Keep the full name, all four navigation links, and the existing header
   height. Only this lockup compacts on narrow screens. No hidden surname. */
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .site-header a.en-brand { gap: 8px; }
  .site-header .en-brand__mark {
    width: 24px;
    height: 24px;
    flex-basis: 24px;
  }
  .site-header .en-brand__name {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 3px;
  }
  .site-header .en-brand__first {
    font-size: 10px;
    font-weight: 500;
    line-height: 1;
  }
  .site-header .en-brand__last {
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 380px) {
  .site-header a.en-brand { gap: 6px; }
  .site-header .en-brand__mark {
    width: 20px;
    height: 20px;
    flex-basis: 20px;
  }
  .site-header .en-brand__last { font-size: 13px; }
  .site-header .en-brand__separator { display: none; }
}
/* END EINAR HEADER IDENTITY */

/* No changes to the approved layout, type scale, hero or media presentation. */
.author-link { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
.author-link:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

/* 2026-09-28 / scoped editorial additions.
   The approved base stylesheet, header and hero are intentionally untouched. */

/* A small publisher imprint; the paper, rather than the institution, leads. */
.publication-editorial { min-width: 0; }
.publication-identity { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; gap: 28px; margin: 0 0 29px; }
.publication-imprint { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 15px; min-width: 0; }
.publication-crest { flex: 0 0 auto; width: 37px; height: auto; }
.publication-journal { margin: 0; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -.015em; line-height: 1.4; }
.publication-publisher { margin: 4px 0 0; color: var(--quiet); font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: .02em; line-height: 1.5; }
.publication-review-status { flex: 0 0 auto; margin: 0; color: var(--quiet); font-size: 12px; }
.publication-review-status.is-published { color: var(--accent); }
.publication-header h2 { max-width: 1130px; margin: 0 0 20px; font-size: clamp(30px, 2.85vw, 41px); font-weight: 550; line-height: 1.2; letter-spacing: -.034em; text-wrap: pretty; }
.publication-authors { display: flex; align-items: baseline; flex-wrap: wrap; column-gap: 7px; row-gap: 3px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 13px; margin: 0; }
.publication-author-divider { margin-inline: 7px; color: var(--quiet); }
.publication-authors .author-link { text-decoration: none; }
.publication-authors .author-link:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.publication-body { grid-template-columns: 1.04fr 1fr; align-items: start; gap: 66px; margin-top: 40px; }
.publication-body .publication-copy { min-width: 0; }
.publication-body .publication-copy > p { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.85; margin-bottom: 17px; }
.publication-body .publication-copy > p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.publication-body .publication-copy .research-lede { max-width: 480px; color: var(--text); font-size: 23px; line-height: 1.4; letter-spacing: -.025em; margin-bottom: 20px; }
.publication-body .research-figure { width: 100%; max-width: none; align-self: start; }
.publication-body .research-figure > a { border-color: #263747; }
.publication-body .research-figure img { aspect-ratio: 1.2; object-fit: contain; }
.publication-body .research-figure figcaption { color: var(--quiet); line-height: 1.6; padding-top: 11px; font-size: 10px; }
@media (min-width: 801px) {
  /* Match each specification column to the three findings columns below. */
  .research-section .research-specs { grid-template-columns: repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 38px; }
}
.publication-resources { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.12fr 1fr 1fr; gap: 0; padding: 25px 0; margin-top: 35px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.publication-resource { min-width: 0; padding-right: 28px; }
.publication-resource + .publication-resource { border-left: 1px solid var(--line); padding-left: 29px; }
.publication-resource:last-child { padding-right: 0; }
.publication-resource-label { color: var(--text); font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.5; font-weight: 500; margin: 0 0 7px; }
.publication-resource-pending { margin: 0; font-size: 12px; color: var(--quiet); line-height: 1.65; }
.publication-resource-link { display: inline-flex; gap: 12px; align-items: baseline; max-width: 100%; color: var(--accent); font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.65; text-decoration: none; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.publication-resource-link > span[aria-hidden] { flex: 0 0 auto; }
.publication-resource-link:hover { color: var(--text); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 5px; }
.publication-doi { font-size: 11px; }

/* Four marks, shared baselines, hairline separators. Not a logo carousel. */
.training-section { padding: 72px 0 28px; background: var(--bg); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.training-heading { color: var(--accent); font-size: 11px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .16em; line-height: 1.6; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0 0 33px; }
.training-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr)); padding: 0 0 36px; }
.training-item { display: grid; grid-template-rows: 103px auto 1fr auto; min-width: 0; padding: 0 30px; }
.training-item:first-child { padding-left: 0; }
.training-item:last-child { padding-right: 0; }
.training-item + .training-item { border-left: 1px solid var(--line); }
.training-logo-slot { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: flex-start; padding-bottom: 24px; min-width: 0; }
.training-logo { width: auto; max-width: 145px; height: auto; object-fit: contain; }
.training-logo--mit { width: 107px; filter: brightness(0) invert(1); }
.training-logo--nvidia { width: 100px; }
.training-logo--nasa { width: 98px; }
.training-logo--esa { width: 140px; }
.training-item h3 { font-size: 18px; font-weight: 530; letter-spacing: -.023em; line-height: 1.35; margin: 0 0 12px; }
.training-summary { color: var(--muted); font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0; max-width: 245px; }
.training-item-status { padding-top: 22px; }
.training-status { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.5; color: var(--quiet); white-space: nowrap; }
.training-status-dot { display: block; width: 5px; height: 5px; flex: 0 0 5px; border: 1px solid currentColor; border-radius: 50%; }
.training-status--completed, .training-status--partial { color: var(--accent); }
.training-status--completed .training-status-dot, .training-status--partial .training-status-dot { background: currentColor; }
.credentials-disclosure { margin: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.credentials-disclosure > summary { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: flex-end; gap: 18px; padding: 21px 0 0; min-height: 45px; width: fit-content; margin-left: auto; list-style: none; cursor: pointer; color: var(--accent); font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.5; }
.credentials-disclosure > summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.credentials-disclosure > summary::marker { content: ''; }
.credentials-disclosure > summary:hover { color: var(--text); }
.credentials-arrow { font-size: 20px; line-height: 1; transition: transform .2s ease; }
.credentials-disclosure > summary:hover .credentials-arrow { transform: translateX(4px); }
.credentials-hide, .credentials-disclosure[open] .credentials-show { display: none; }
.credentials-disclosure[open] .credentials-hide { display: inline; }
.credentials-disclosure[open] .credentials-arrow { transform: rotate(-90deg); }
.credentials-panel { padding: 35px 0 16px; }
.credentials-panel-heading { display: flex; align-items: baseline; justify-content: space-between; gap: 28px; margin: 0 0 27px; }
.credentials-panel-heading h3 { margin: 0; font-size: 28px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -.03em; }
.credentials-panel-heading > p { margin: 0; font-size: 12px; color: var(--quiet); }
.credential-records { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.credential-record { min-width: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; padding: 28px 33px 27px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.credential-record:nth-child(even) { border-left: 1px solid var(--line); padding-left: 34px; padding-right: 0; }
.credential-record:nth-last-child(-n+2) { border-bottom: 0; }
.credential-record-top { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; }
.credential-provider { font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .07em; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.5; color: var(--quiet); margin: 0; }
.credential-record h4 { font-size: 18px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.45; letter-spacing: -.016em; margin: 0 0 12px; max-width: 510px; }
.credential-description { color: var(--muted); font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.85; max-width: 510px; margin: 0 0 20px; }
.credential-record-footer { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline; gap: 15px; color: var(--quiet); font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.6; margin-top: auto; padding-top: 13px; }
.credential-record-footer > span { min-width: 0; }
.credential-record-footer > span > span[aria-hidden] { padding: 0 4px; }
.credential-id { overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.credential-link { display: inline-flex; gap: 8px; align-items: baseline; color: var(--accent); font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.6; text-decoration: none; flex-shrink: 0; }
.credential-link:hover { color: var(--text); text-decoration: underline; }
.credential-modules { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.credential-module { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 13px; padding: 15px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.credential-module > div { min-width: 0; flex: 1; }
.credential-check { font-size: 11px; color: var(--accent); }
.credential-module p { margin: 0; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.5; }
.credential-module-code { color: var(--text); display: inline-block; margin-right: 11px; }
.credential-module-title { color: var(--muted); }
.credential-module-date { color: var(--quiet); font-size: 10px; }
.credential-module-complete { color: var(--quiet); font-size: 10px; }

/* The user-approved detail crop is a separate display asset.
   The enlargement still uses the untouched, full scientific plot and colour bar. */
.antenna-gallery--pair { display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 28px; }
.antenna-gallery-item { flex: var(--figure-ratio) 1 0; min-width: 0; }
.antenna-gallery--pair .figure-link { aspect-ratio: var(--figure-ratio); }
.antenna-hardware { max-width: 650px; margin-top: 30px; }

[data-theme="light"] .training-logo--mit { filter: none; }
[data-theme="light"] .training-logo--esa { filter: brightness(0); }
/* The prepared NVIDIA reverse wordmark needs a neutral backing in light mode. */
[data-theme="light"] .training-logo--nvidia { background: #101822; border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px; }

@media (max-width: 1150px) {
  .publication-body { gap: 38px; }
  .publication-body .publication-copy .research-lede { font-size: 21px; }
  .training-item { padding-inline: 23px; }
  .training-item h3 { font-size: 17px; }
  .training-summary { font-size: 12px; }
  .credential-record-top { align-items: flex-start; flex-direction: column; gap: 7px; }
}
@media (max-width: 850px) {
  .publication-body { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 30px; align-items: start; }
  .publication-header h2 { font-size: 34px; }
  .publication-body .publication-copy { max-width: 690px; }
  .publication-body .research-figure { max-width: 640px; }
  .publication-body .research-figure img { aspect-ratio: auto; }
  .publication-body .publication-copy .research-lede { font-size: 23px; max-width: 600px; }
  .publication-resources { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr; }
  .publication-resource { padding-right: 18px; }
  .publication-resource + .publication-resource { padding-left: 18px; }
  .training-section { padding-top: 58px; }
  .training-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; row-gap: 28px; }
  .training-item { padding-inline: 30px; }
  .training-item:nth-child(odd) { padding-left: 0; border-left: 0; }
  .training-item:nth-child(even) { padding-right: 0; }
  .training-item:nth-child(n+3) { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding-top: 28px; }
  .training-item h3 { font-size: 19px; }
  .training-summary { max-width: 300px; font-size: 13px; }
  .training-logo-slot { padding-bottom: 20px; }
  .credential-record h4 { font-size: 17px; }
  .credential-record-footer { flex-direction: column; gap: 9px; }
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .publication-identity { align-items: flex-start; flex-direction: column; gap: 19px; margin-bottom: 25px; }
  .publication-imprint { gap: 13px; }
  .publication-crest { width: 33px; }
  .publication-journal { font-size: 14px; }
  .publication-publisher { font-size: 10px; }
  .publication-review-status { font-size: 11px; }
  .publication-header h2 { font-size: clamp(27px,7.1vw,34px); line-height: 1.25; letter-spacing: -.03em; }
  .publication-authors { font-size: 11px; column-gap: 5px; }
  .publication-author-divider { margin-inline: 4px; }
  .publication-body { margin-top: 31px; }
  .publication-body .publication-copy .research-lede { font-size: 21px; line-height: 1.45; }
  .publication-body .publication-copy > p { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.85; }
  .publication-resources { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding: 4px 0; margin-top: 28px; }
  .publication-resource, .publication-resource + .publication-resource { padding: 17px 0; border-left: 0; }
  .publication-resource + .publication-resource { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .publication-resource-label { margin-bottom: 4px; }
  .publication-resource-link, .publication-resource-pending { font-size: 12px; }
  .training-heading { font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .13em; margin-bottom: 28px; }
  .training-section { padding-top: 48px; padding-bottom: 25px; }
  .training-item { grid-template-rows: 90px auto 1fr auto; padding-inline: 18px; }
  .training-logo--mit { width: 94px; }
  .training-logo--nvidia { width: 86px; }
  .training-logo--nasa { width: 83px; }
  .training-logo--esa { width: min(120px,100%); }
  .training-item h3 { font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 10px; }
  .training-summary { font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.8; }
  .training-item-status { padding-top: 18px; }
  .training-status { font-size: 10px; gap: 6px; }
  .training-grid { padding-bottom: 29px; }
  .credentials-disclosure > summary { font-size: 12px; padding-top: 19px; }
  .credentials-panel { padding-top: 34px; }
  .credentials-panel-heading { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 10px; margin-bottom: 23px; }
  .credentials-panel-heading h3 { font-size: 26px; }
  .credentials-panel-heading > p { font-size: 11px; }
  .credential-records { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .credential-record, .credential-record:nth-child(even) { padding: 24px 0; border-left: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .credential-record:last-child { border-bottom: 0; padding-bottom: 0; }
  .credential-record-top { flex-direction: row; gap: 12px; }
  .credential-provider { font-size: 9px; letter-spacing: .04em; }
  .credential-record h4 { font-size: 18px; }
  .credential-description { font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; }
  .credential-record-footer { flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
  .credential-module { gap: 10px; }
  .credential-module-code { display: block; margin-right: 0; }
  .credential-module-title { font-size: 11px; }
  .credential-module-complete { font-size: 9px; }
  .antenna-gallery--pair { flex-direction: column; gap: 28px; }
  .antenna-gallery-item { flex: none; width: 100%; }
}
@media (max-width: 360px) {
  .training-item { padding-inline: 13px; }
  .training-item h3 { font-size: 15px; min-height: 2.8em; }
  .training-summary { font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.85; }
  .training-logo--esa { width: 106px; }
  .credential-record-top { flex-direction: column; gap: 7px; }
}
/* The optional research plot stays inside the native methods disclosure. */
.research-details .research-method-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  align-items: start;
  gap: 40px;
  max-width: none;
}
.research-method-copy > p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.research-method-figure { width: 100%; min-width: 0; margin: 0; }
.research-method-figure .figure-link { aspect-ratio: auto; background: #fff; }
.research-method-figure .figure-link img { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; object-fit: contain; }
@media (max-width: 850px) {
  .research-details .research-method-layout { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 24px; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { .credentials-arrow { transition: none; } }
@media print {
  .training-section { padding: 25px 0; }
  .training-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr)); }
  .training-item { padding-inline: 12px; }
  .training-logo--mit, .training-logo--esa { filter: brightness(0); }
  .publication-identity { break-after: avoid; }
  .publication-header h2 { font-size: 25px; }
  .publication-resources { break-inside: avoid; }
  .training-status { white-space: normal; }
}

/* Engineering additions / 28 September 2026.
   Scoped to new project components. Existing hero, research and media untouched. */
.engineering-project-index{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px 30px;margin:-3px 0 65px;padding:21px 0 23px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.engineering-project-index a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--muted);text-decoration:none;padding:4px 0;transition:color .15s ease}
.engineering-project-index a span{font-size:14px;line-height:1;color:var(--accent)}
.engineering-project-index a:hover{color:var(--text)}
.lab-project,.hardware-project#antenna{scroll-margin-top:100px}
.lab-intro{margin-bottom:35px}
.lab-intro h3{max-width:460px;font-size:clamp(29px,2.65vw,37px);line-height:1.17;letter-spacing:-.035em}
.lab-intro .small-label{max-width:460px;line-height:1.8}
.lab-intro .lab-context{margin-top:21px;font-size:12px;line-height:1.65;color:var(--quiet)}
.lab-intro>div>p:not(.small-label):not(.lab-context){font-size:15px;line-height:1.8}
.lab-gallery{max-width:1032px;margin:0 auto}
.engineering-figure-row{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:28px;min-width:0}
.engineering-figure-row+.engineering-figure-row{margin-top:32px}
.engineering-figure-cell{flex:var(--figure-ratio) 1 0%;min-width:0}
.engineering-figure{margin:0}
.engineering-figure .figure-link{display:block;aspect-ratio:var(--figure-ratio);height:auto;overflow:hidden;background:var(--bg);border:0;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px var(--line);border-radius:3px}
.engineering-figure .figure-link img{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:contain;object-position:center;transform:none}
.engineering-figure .figure-link:hover img{transform:none}
/* Give the measured plot breathing room without changing its original pixels. */
.engineering-figure .figure-link[href*="/surface-measured-topography-"]{background:#000}
.engineering-figure .figure-link[href*="/surface-measured-topography-"] img{padding:4%;box-sizing:border-box;background:#000}
.lightbox-stage:has(#lightbox-image[src*="/surface-measured-topography-"]){background:#000}
#lightbox-image[src*="/surface-measured-topography-"]{width:94%;height:94%}
.engineering-figure figcaption{padding-top:12px;line-height:1.65}
.engineering-figure figcaption strong{display:block;font-size:13px;font-weight:550;color:var(--text)}
.engineering-figure figcaption > span{display:block;font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);margin-top:3px;max-width:58ch}
.lab-results{max-width:1032px;margin:0 auto 30px}
.lab-metrics{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));margin:0;padding:24px 0 21px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);gap:20px}
.lab-metrics>div{display:flex;flex-direction:column-reverse;justify-content:flex-end;gap:9px;padding-left:26px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)}
.lab-metrics>div:first-child{border-left:0;padding-left:0}
.lab-metrics dt{font-size:11px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--quiet)}
.lab-metrics dd{white-space:nowrap;font-size:clamp(22px,2.4vw,31px);letter-spacing:-.025em;font-weight:450;line-height:1.2;color:var(--text);margin:0}
.lab-metric-note{font-size:11px!important;color:var(--quiet)!important;line-height:1.65!important;max-width:90ch;margin:10px 0 0!important}
.lab-details{max-width:1032px;margin:29px auto 0}
.lab-details .detail-content{padding-top:25px}
.lab-method-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:28px}
.lab-method-grid h4{margin:0 0 10px;font-size:13px;font-weight:550;line-height:1.5;color:var(--text)}
.lab-method-grid p{font-size:12px!important;line-height:1.85!important;color:var(--muted);margin:0}
.lab-details .lab-credit{font-size:10px!important;line-height:1.7!important;color:var(--quiet)!important;margin:25px 0 0;padding-top:17px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
.lab-wetting-examples{max-width:780px;margin:27px auto 0}
.antenna-evidence{max-width:1086px;margin:31px auto 0}
.antenna-evidence .engineering-figure-row{gap:26px}
#antenna .antenna-gallery--pair{max-width:1086px;margin:0 auto}
#antenna .antenna-gallery--pair+.antenna-evidence{margin-top:31px}
.engineering-project-index a:focus-visible,.engineering-figure .figure-link:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:5px}
@media(min-width:1700px){.lab-intro h3{font-size:38px}.lab-intro>div>p:not(.small-label):not(.lab-context){font-size:16px}}
@media(max-width:1000px){.lab-intro{gap:35px;grid-template-columns:.85fr 1.15fr}.engineering-project-index{gap:10px 23px;margin-bottom:49px}.engineering-figure-row{gap:21px}.lab-method-grid{gap:20px}}
@media(max-width:700px){
 .lab-intro{display:block;margin-bottom:25px}.lab-intro>div+div{margin-top:24px}.lab-intro h3{max-width:430px;font-size:31px}.lab-intro .lab-context{margin-top:14px}.lab-intro>div>p:not(.small-label):not(.lab-context){font-size:14px;line-height:1.8}
 .engineering-project-index{gap:8px 22px;margin-bottom:40px;padding:16px 0}.engineering-project-index a{font-size:11px;min-height:28px}
 .engineering-figure-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:26px}.engineering-figure-row+.engineering-figure-row{margin-top:27px}.engineering-figure-cell{width:100%}
 .engineering-figure figcaption{padding-top:10px}.engineering-figure figcaption > span{font-size:12px}
 .lab-metrics{gap:12px;padding:19px 0 17px}.lab-metrics>div{padding-left:14px}.lab-metrics dd{font-size:clamp(17px,5vw,23px)}.lab-metrics dt{font-size:10px}.lab-metric-note{font-size:10px!important}
 .lab-method-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:23px}.lab-method-grid p{font-size:13px!important}.lab-details{margin-top:25px}.lab-wetting-examples{max-width:439px}
 .antenna-evidence{margin-top:26px}.antenna-evidence .engineering-figure-row{gap:26px}.antenna-evidence .engineering-figure-cell:last-child{max-width:483px;justify-self:center}#antenna .antenna-gallery--pair{max-width:100%;margin:0}
}
@media(max-width:380px){.lab-intro h3{font-size:28px}.lab-metrics dd{font-size:17px}.lab-metrics>div{padding-left:10px}.lab-metrics{gap:9px}.engineering-project-index{column-gap:18px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.engineering-project-index a{transition:none}}
@media print{.engineering-project-index{display:none}.lab-project{break-before:auto}.lab-gallery{max-width:none}.engineering-figure-row{break-inside:avoid}.lab-details{break-inside:auto}}

/* Inline KaTeX math inherits the surrounding copy without display spacing. */
.katex{color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1;}
.katex-display{margin:0;}
/* Content-configured hero exposure. */
.hero-shade{--poster-dimmer:0.24;}